What is chiropractic?

Chiropractic is a form of diagnosing and treating illnesses that affect the nerves, muscles, bones, and joints of the body. Daniel David Palmer founded chiropractic in 1895. Palmer was a self-taught healer who was studying spinal structure and manipulative techniques when he cured a man of deafness and acute back pain by realigning a displaced vertebra in his back. This and other successes led Palmer to believe that most diseases were a result of abnormal nerve transmission, or "subluxation," caused by misalignment of the spine. Although most contemporary practices have introduced other therapies, spinal manipulation to reduce pain and illness remains the essence of chiropractic. Today, chiropractic is the third largest independent health profession in the Western world, and the U.S. alone is home to 52,000 licensed chiropractors who see 20 million patients a year.

What happens during a visit to a chiropractor?

The first visit usually lasts about an hour. The chiropractor takes your complete health history, including information on past injuries and illnesses; current conditions and medications; lifestyle; diet; sleep habits; exercise; mental stresses; and use of alcohol, drugs, or tobacco. During a physical exam, the chiropractor also tests the extent of your spinal mobility. The chiropractor may perform various diagnostic tests, such as blood pressure and X rays, to rule out other conditions. When the chiropractor is ready to begin treatment (either the first or second visit), he or she asks you to lie on a specially designed table where he or she performs the spinal manipulations. High-velocity, low-amplitude thrust is the most common maneuver, although the chiropractor may use other treatments, including massage and soft-tissue therapies. You may experience some minor aches, stiffness, and tiredness for a few days after the manipulation while your body adjusts to the new alignment.

How many treatments do I need?

One session is rarely enough to correct the problem. Your chiropractor may suggest two or three sessions a week (lasting only about 10 to 20 minutes), then reduce the frequency to weekly sessions once your condition subsides. A typical course of treatment lasts several weeks, but you will evaluate the effectiveness of your treatment with your chiropractor based on the goals you discuss in the first session.

What is chiropractic good for?

Chiropractic has shown to be effective for acute and chronic low back pain, neck pain, headaches (including migraines), inflammation of the middle ear, digestive problems, menstrual and premenstrual pain, frozen shoulder, tennis elbow and other sports injuries, carpal tunnel syndrome, arthritis, and asthma.

Are there conditions that chiropractic should not treat?

Individuals with bone fractures, acute arthritis, and tumors should avoid chiropractic therapy. In rare cases, manipulation of the neck has damaged blood vessels and caused strokes or led to blindness. Usually, the screening process detects people at high risk.

How can I find a qualified practitioner?

Chiropractors are licensed in all 50 states. After completing at least 2 years of regular college study, people seeking a chiropractic degree must complete a 5-year program that includes clinical experience, basic sciences, and standard as well as structural (spinal) and functional (nervous system) diagnoses. Currently, 17 chiropractic colleges exist in the U.S.; the Council of Chiropractic Education accredits these colleges. At least one chiropractic organization serves each state in the U.S. The largest association in the profession of chiropractic is the American Chiropractic Association (ACA). The ACA can provide a list of licensed chiropractors in your area if you call 800-986-4636, or you can visit the organization's site on the Internet at www.amerchiro.org.

How much does a treatment cost?

An initial visit can cost about $70 to $125, and follow-ups can run from $50 to $90.

Does my medical insurance cover chiropractic treatments?

Medicare, Medicaid, and worker's compensation cover chiropractic care. According to a 1994 federal study, 80% of healthcare plans that employers offer cover at least part of the cost of chiropractic.